Are there L1 and L2 effects in the speech of young speakers of Mäori?
نویسندگان
چکیده
This paper examines the vowel production of eight young male speakers of Mäori in order to assess whether there are pronunciation differences between those who were raised as L1 speakers of Mäori and those who clearly learnt English first. We demonstrate that the L1 speakers produce two vowel pairs, /a:/ (WÄ), /a/ (WAKA) and /ü:/ (TÜ), /u/ (TUKU) significantly farther back than the L2 speakers. We suggest that these back articulations may be being used subconsciously by young L1 speakers as a marker to make their pronunciation more like a ‘traditional’ Mäori pronunciation, and less like modern New Zealand English.
منابع مشابه
Cross–linguistic Comparison of Refusal Speech Act: Evidence from Trilingual EFL Learners in English, Farsi, and Kurdish
To date, little research on pragmatic transfer has considered a multilingual situation where there is an interaction among three different languages spoken by one person. Of interest was whether pragmatic transfer of refusals among three languages spoken by the same person occurs from L1 and L2 to L3, L1 to L2 and then to L3 or from L1 and L1 (if there are more than one L1) to L2. This study ai...
متن کاملRole of L1 and L2 in the Organization of Iranian EFL Lived Narratives
People are constrained by their culture and social life when telling stories. A second language learner then cannot be expected to tell stories in the target language without cross-cultural effects that influence the way of narration. The present study examined the role of the first language (L1) and second language (L2) in the organization of narratives by focusing on Persian speakers’ and EFL...
متن کاملL1 Transfer in L2 Acquisition of the There-Insertion Construction by Mandarin EFL Learners
This study examined the role of the native language (L1) transfer in a non-native language (L2) acquisition of the there-insertion construction at the syntax-semantics interface. Specifically, the study investigated if Mandarin EFL learners would make overgeneralization errors in the situation where an L1 argument structure constitutes a superset of its L2 counterpart. Verbs of existence and ap...
متن کاملThe production of lexical categories (VP) and functional categories (copula) at the initial stage of child L2 acquisition
This is a longitudinal case study of two Farsi-speaking children learning English: ‘Bernard’ and ‘Melissa’, who were 7;4 and 8;4 at the start of data collection. The research deals with the initial state and further development in the child second language (L2) acquisition of syntax regarding the presence or absence of copula as a functional category, as well as the role and degree of L1 influe...
متن کاملNative-like Event-related Potentials in Processing the Second Language Syntax: Late Bilinguals
Background: The P600 brain wave reflects syntactic processes in response to different first language (L1) syntactic violations, syntactic repair, structural reanalysis, and specific semantic components. Unlike semantic processing, aspects of the second language (L2) syntactic processing differ from the L1, particularly at lower levels of proficiency. At higher L2 proficiency, syntactic violatio...
متن کامل